A group object represents a multidimensional, homogeneous group of contiguous numpy arrays. An associated data-type object describes the format of each element in the group (its byte-order, how many bytes it occupies in memory, whether it is an integer or a floating point number, etc.).
A group is very similar to a numpy record array and those not familiar should have a look at numpy first.
See also
Group model
Data-type for the group.
Tuple of group dimensions.
Number of elements in the group.